The ASTM D413 method is used to determine the bond strength required to separate a rubber layer from a flexible substrate such as fabric, fiber, or
metal sheet. The standard defines three test procedures: Type A - 180° peel, Type B - 90° peel, and Type C - 90° peel of a ring-shaped specimen.
The adhered rubber is pulled away from the flexible substrate to measure the bond strength, also known as the average force divided by the width
of the specimen, over a distance of at least 100 mm and at a constant rate.
The challenges of testing to this standard are:
Maintaining the 90° and 180° angles throughout the test
Bandwidth and data rate to capture peaks and valleys
